Tlatah Yawadwipa a half-century at the end of the first millennium ended. At that time, held up a huge empire. Kingdom was recorded with the name Medang or ancient Mataram kingdom. Other records Mataram call Bhumi. The kingdom has been standing since the eighth century, master Yawadwipa land for three centuries, ie since the eighth century until the eleventh century. The founder of the kingdom of Mataram Bhumi is Raka i Mataram Queen Sanjaya (1). Sanjaya is the son Sannaha, sister of the king who ruled Yawadwipa Sanna before Sanjaya. So, Sanjaya is the successor of King Sanna. In the reign of Queen Sanjaya, the kingdom of Mataram Bhumi has administrative center in the city of Mataram. Under the reign of Queen Sanjaya, Bhumi government Mataram fair and wise so that people can live safely and tentaram. Sanjaya is Sanjaya Wamçakarta or the Founder Wangsa Sanjaya (2). Queen Sanjaya is the king of followers who adhere to the teachings of Hinduism, with a system of worship was given to Lord Shiva as the supreme deity. As a devout Hindu Shiva, Queen Sanjaya seeks to promote the Hindu religion by bringing pastors wing Hindu Shiva to Yawadwipa. After more than two decades ruled, Raka i Mataram Queen Sanjaya replaced by Raka i Tejah Purnapana Panangkaran (3). Raka i Panangkaran as a youth named Dyah Pancapana and touted as Sailendrawangsatilaka (jewel Sailendra) (4). Currently Bhumi ruled Mataram, Raka i Panangkaran (760-775 AD) is said to embrace Buddhist Mahayana and building construction Kalasan. Since Raka i Panangkaran ruling revealed that at the height of power in Yawadwipa shift the trust of its original Hindu Shiva into Mahayana Buddhism. Recognized or not, Bhumi Bhumi Mataram Mataram stream is divided into two major religions, namely: Hindu Shiva in the northern part of Bhumi Mataram and Buddhists in the south Bhumi Mataram. Two streams of religion constitute two major powers in Yawadwipa the time. In a way, the two major religious sects that continue to compete to appear as the main buffer Bhumi confidence of the ruler in Mataram. The competition is so deep, ingrained and reproduce reach out to the center of power in Yawadwipa. In fact, the competition appeared in the form of clashes force, which is not likely to involve the armed forces who are under strength and power to compete. As a successor to the throne of Raka i Bhumi Panangkaran in Mataram, Sri Maharaja Rakai appear next Panunggalan (775-800 AD) , (5) Prior to the ruling, Sri Maharaja Rakai Panunggalan have Dharanindra name. This ruler is believed to have managed to widen the territory Sailendra to the Malay Peninsula and the mainland Indochina. He was hailed as Wairiwarawiramardana (destroyer of enemies officer) (6) and the other bears a title that Sri Sanggrama Dhananjaya. About ruler Bhumi Mataram conquest outside Yawadwipa (ie against Sriwijaya, Ligor, Champa, and Cambodia), referred to by the nickname Wirawairimathana (7) (killer enemy heroes) and Sarwwarimadawimathana (8) (killer enemies arrogant no trace) , The third nickname has the same meaning. With the conquests carried out to prove that Bhumi Mataram has built naval strength. Ruler Bhumi Mataram successfully develop expertise in the maritime field, especially shipping which makes it possible to transport a number of soldiers to fight and control of areas outside Java and even beyond the borders of the country. In the conquest of the Kingdom of Bhumi Mataram has been able to change the system of shipping of the type of vessel double outrigger wooden screen (Borobudur ship) to vessels larger with three or four screens. This latter type of vessel referred to as Ship Jung. Ship construction Jung very unique. Very solid hull, because it is made from layered boards of four, and is formed as a connecting planks on the hull. Connections were put together with wooden pegs without using a frame, bolts, or iron nails. The tip of the bow and stern of the ship-shaped taper. This ship is equipped with two steering rods resembling oars, and the rectangular screen. Jung ship weights an average of about six hundred tons. Coastal north Yawadwipa middle is a center of naval Bhumi Mataram. One of the biggest airports are Bergota (9) the principal city of Mataram kingdom Bhumi. The city is the point of departure Bhumi Mataram fleet to sail to foreign countries. As a major city in Yawadwipa, Bergota not only a berth vessels of the archipelago, but also foreign ships from various countries and become the gateway of foreign commercial lines. Through airports Bergota, Bhumi Mataram rice exporting and importing printed cotton fabric from India, China and other kingdoms outside the country. With the power that, Bhumi Mataram has more than one city. Somewhat to the west of the city Bergota, there is a city named Poe-Chue-Lang (10) which is an important city haven where commercial ships. The city is not built permanently, just as the rest of ships that are temporary. This city is the starting point of the path which the artery to connect the northern and southern regions in the Bhumi Mataram. Then in the east port Bergota, also there is another city with a strong maritime tradition roots (11). The city is quite crowded crossed by boats or ships used as a means of transportation trade Bhumi Mataram kingdom. The presence of the ports are the main support systems in the maritime economy Bhumi Mataram. Through the ports, the application of techniques of shipbuilding or boat, the Kingdom of Mataram Bhumi has removed itself from the shackles of isolation ocean, open communication, and interaction with other nations. Yawadwipa northern waters has become a traffic lane busy shipping for Bhumi kingdom of Mataram. The grandeur, greatness and influence Bhumi Mataram penetrate past the boundaries of the archipelago. Traces of Bhumi Mataram outside the archipelago is recorded in a number of proofs. Evidence in the form of Bhumi Mataram relationship with governments outside the archipelago. Recorded in the year 741 AD, Amoghavajra (12) a Buddhist monk of the Tang Dynasty had stopped to Yawadripa while traveling to Sri Lanka and India to obtain and collect a number of Buddhist scriptures that will be brought to China and translated. The trip was done at the behest of the emperor of China. Amoghavajra Yawadwipa forced to stop in order to avoid conflict between Bhumi Mataram Kingdom. Furthermore, it is said that Amoghavajra have many students in China. One of the students leading Amoghavajra is Huiguo (746-805 AD). Huiguo continue Amoghavajra teachings. and is known as a primary teacher who also has many students from various nations. Among the students Huiguo recorded Bianhong derived from Yawadwipa. Bianhong arrived in Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty Empire, in the year 780 AD. In 767 AD mentioned that Chopo (13) attacked Tonkin (Annam) but may be repulsed by the governor of China named Chang Po Yi. In the years 768-770 AD, most likely at the time of Maharaja Panangkaran Dyah Pancapana (746-784 AD) came from Yawadwipa envoy to Tang Dynasty China. Envoy of the year 768 AD may be a gesture of peace or compensation for the Yawadwipa. The relationship between the ruler Yawadwipa the Chinese Empire continues. This is evidenced by several notes proclaim the arrival of envoys from Yawadwipa to China. First, in the year 813 AD, 815 AD, 818 AD and 820 AD on the ground Yawadwipa ruler, Maharaja possibility during Samaragrawira Dyah Manara (803-827 AD), sent envoys to the Tang Dynasty. Second, in the year 831 AD and 839 AD the ruler Yawadwipa or Shepo, possibly at the Maharaja Rakai Garung period (828-847 AD), again sent envoys to the Tang Dynasty of China. The arrival of envoys from Yawadwipa to China in 813 AD recorded quite extensively. The messenger said to give the gift of slaves Seng qi (jenggi) to the emperor of the Tang Dynasty of China. Jenggi a black person from Africa. Jenggi name is also listed in the man of the Old Javanese inscriptions in 860 AD. The jenggi slaves shipped from Africa to Java there is even shipped to China (14). The relationship Yawadwipa authorities in the Bhumi Mataram is not limited by the authorities in China. Bhumi power traces Mataram in Yawadwipa also been detected in Cambodia or Khmer. The year 790 AD, penguasan Yawadwipa attacked and conquered the kingdom of Chenla Water in Cambodia (15). Only in the year 802 AD, Jayavarman II declared himself king of Cambodia and is widely recognized as the founder of the Khmer Empire and begin a period of Angkor in Cambodia's history. However it should be noted that Jayavarman II had lived in Yawadwipa during the reign of the Sailendra dynasty or "The King of the Mountain." Hindu Kingdom of Champa in Vietnam also mentions and recognizes the greatness and glory Yawadwipa in the ninth century. The Hindu kingdom of Champa never recorded an official trip to Yawadwipa the high court in order to obtain esoteric knowledge. This shows that the Hindu kingdom of Champa acknowledged that Yawadwipa is the center of "witchcraft" (siddhiyantra) (16).
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