4. Klasifikasi Angina Pectorisa. An

4. Klasifikasi Angina Pectoris
a. Angina Stabil
Angina stabil adalah nyeri dada yang kemungkinan terjadi karena aktifitas. Gejala dari angina stabil biasanya terjadi karena berkurangnya oksigen miokardium, pemakaian oksigen dan suhu yang ekstrim. Penanganan pada angina stabil yaitu dengan pemberian nitrogliserin dan istirahat. Pada beberapa pasien juga menggunakan kalsium chanel bloker dan beta adrenergic blockers (Reigle, 2005).


b. Angina Prinzmetal (variant)
Karakteristik dari nyeri dada pada angina prizmetal (Variant) terjadi pada saat istirahat atau tidak beraktivitas. Penyebab angina variant yaitu karena adanya vasospasme arteri koroner, dimana dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kebutuhan oksigen neokardium dan adanya segmen ST elevasi. Jenis ini penanganannya dengan kalsium chanel blockers.

c. Angina Tidak Stabil
Angina tidak stabil terjadi pada pasien pada saat istirahat dan bisa juga terjadi pada pasien dengan aktifitas terbatas. Menurut Metules dan Bauer, 2005 angina yang tidak stabil merupakan awal proses terjadinya NSTEMI.

5. Manifestasi Klinis
a. Angina Stabil
- Rasa tidak nyaman sering menyebar ke leher, bahu dan punggung.
- Sesak pada saat beraktifitas, kelelahan
- Merasa tidak nyaman pada sternum seperti rasa tertekan
b. Angina tidak stabil
- Ciri khas ketidaknyamanan di dada pada angina ini berupa: nyeri dada retrosternal atau percordial yang tertekan, sering menyebar ke leher, lengan kiri, dan bahu.
- Mual, muntah, palpitasi dan sesak napas
- Gejala terjadi pada saat istirahat atau pada saaat beraktifitas ringan
c. Angina Varians
- Ketidaknyamanan retrosternal mungkin menyebar ke lengan, leher atau rahang biasanya terjadi pada saat istirahat, sering terjadi pada waktu pagi hari.

Hasil (Inggris) 1:

4. The classification of Angina Pectorisa. Stable AnginaStable angina is chest pain that may occur because of the activities. Symptoms of stable angina usually occur due to reduced oxygen consumption, oxygen myocardium and extreme temperatures. Handling on stable angina that is by giving of nitroglycerin and rest. In some patients also use calcium chanel blockers and a beta adrenergic blockers (Reigle, 2005).b. Prinzmetal Angina (variant)Characteristics of chest pain in angina prizmetal (Variant) occur at rest or not activity. Causes angina variant that is due to the vasospasme coronary artery, which can cause increased the oxygen needs of the neokardium and the ST segment elevation. This type of handle with calcium chanel blockers.c. the unstable AnginaUnstable angina occurs on a patient at rest and can also occur in patients with limited activities. According to Bauer, 2005 Metules and unstable angina is beginning the process of occurrence of NSTEMI.5. Clinical Manifestationsa. Stable Angina-Discomfort often spread to the neck, shoulders and back.-Tightness at the time active, fatigue-Felt uncomfortable on the sternum like a sense of distressb. the unstable Angina-The hallmark of discomfort in the chest on this form of angina: chest pain is retrosternal or percordial who are depressed, often spread to the neck, left arm, and shoulder.-Nausea, vomiting, palpitations and shortness of breathSymptoms occur at rest or on the saaat a lightc. Angina Variance-Discomfort retrosternal may spread to the arms, neck or jaw usually occurs at rest, often the case at the time of the morning.

Hasil (Inggris) 2:

4. The classification of angina pectoris
a. Stable angina
Stable angina is chest pain that may occur because of the activity. Symptoms of stable angina usually occurs due to reduced myocardial oxygen, oxygen consumption and extreme temperatures. Handling in stable angina is by administering nitroglycerin and rest. In some patients also use calcium channel blockers and beta-adrenergic blockers (Reigle, 2005). B. Prinzmetal angina (variant) The characteristics of chest pain in angina prizmetal (Variant) occurs at rest or inactivity. The cause of variant angina is due to coronary artery vasospasm, which may lead to an increase in oxygen demand neokardium and the ST segment elevation. This type of treatment with calcium channel blockers. C. Unstable angina Unstable angina occurs in patients at rest and can also occur in patients with limited activity. According Metules and Bauer 2005 Unstable angina is beginning the process of NSTEMI. 5. Clinical Manifestations a. Stable Angina - The discomfort often radiates to the neck, shoulders and back. - Shortness during activity, fatigue - Feeling uncomfortable in the sternum like feeling depressed b. Unstable angina - Characteristic of discomfort in the chest on this angina include: chest pain retrosternal or percordial depressed, often spreads to the neck, left arm and shoulder. - Nausea, vomiting, palpitations and shortness of breath - symptoms occur at rest or at saaat mild activity c. Variance Angina - retrosternal discomfort may spread to the arms, neck or jaw usually occurs at rest, often occurs in the morning.