There is no question that the global economy continues to Become more intertwined.
Whether the world economy was in a growth mode or is in a severe recession mode, the
current global recession has made all of us aware that countries are ever more
interdependent of each other , The United States is a $ 14.3 trillion economy in
2008, and its US trade deficit of $ 813 billion is about 6 percent of the US GDP.
In 2008, about 15 percent of what Americans consumed was imported in the United
States (measured based on the ratio of the country's imports to its GDP). The United
States is are relatively more insulated from external shocks than Britain or Thailand. In
2008, the imports / GDP ratios for Britain and Thailand are about 23.2 percent and 58.5
percent, respectively.8 Nonetheless, the US economy, too, is getting increasingly
intertwined with the rest of the world economy.
The importance of international trade and investment can not be overemphasized
for any country. In general, the larger the country's domestic economy, the less
dependent it tends to be on exports and imports relative to its GDP.9 Let's compute
trade dependence ratios (total trade / GDP) using the available statistics. For the United
States (GDP¼ $ 14.3 trillion in 2008), international trade in goods (sum of exports and
imports) rose from 10 percent of the GDP in 1970 to 25 percent in 2008. For Japan
(GDP¼ $ 4.8 trillion), with about one- third of the US GDP, forms 31 percent in 2008.
For Germany (GDP¼ $ 3.8 trillion), trade forms about 72 percent of the GDP. For
Netherlands (GDP¼ $ 910 billion), the trade value exceeds GDP, for as high as 112 percent
of GDP (due to re-export); and for Singapore (GDP¼ $ 193 billion), trade is more than
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