Pengertian Perjanjian atau kontrak

Pengertian Perjanjian atau kontrak diatur Pasal 1313 KUH Perdata. Pasal 1313 KUH Perdata berbunyi : “perjanjian adalah suatu perbuatan dengan mana satu pihak atau lebih mengikat dirinya terhadap satu orang atau lebih.”
Menurut teori baru yang dikemukakan oleh Van Dunne, yang diartikan dengan perjanjian, adalah “suatu hubungan hokum antara dua pihak atau lebih berdasarkan kata sepakat untuk menimbulkan akibat hukum.”
Menurut Salim H.S., S.H., M.S., perjanjian atau kontrak merupakan hubungan hokum antara subjek hukum yang satu dengan subjek hukum yang lain dalam bidang harta kekayaan, dimana subjek hokum yang satu berhak atas prestasi dan begitu juga subjek hukum yang lain berkewajiban untuk melaksanakan prestasinya sesuai dengan yang telah disepakatinya.”
Menurut Subekti, suatu perjanjian adalah suatu peristiwa dimana seorang berjanji kepada seorang lain atau dimana dua orang itu saling berjanji untuk melaksanakan satu hal. Dari peristiwa ini, timbullah suatu hubungan antara dua orang tersebut yang dinamakan perikatan. Dalam bentuknya, perjanjian itu berupa suatu rangkaian perkataan yang mengandung janji-janji atau kesanggupan yang diucapkan atau ditulis.
Dengan demikian hubungan antara perjanjian dengan perikatan adalah bahwa perjanjian itu menerbitkan perikatan. Perjanjian adalah sumber perikatan, disamping sumber-sumber lain. Sumber-sumber lain ini mencakup undang-undang. Jadi, ada perikatan yang lahir dari perjanjian dan ada perikatan yang lahir dari undang-undang.
Dengan sekian banyak pengertian perjanjian yang telah dipaparkan di atas, ada tiga unsur yang dapat ditarik kesimpulan, yaitu:
1. Ada orang yang menuntut, atau dalam istilah bisnis biasa di sebut kreditor
2. Ada orang yang dituntut, atau yang dalam istilah bisnis biasa disebut debitur
3. Ada sesuatu yang dituntut, yaitu prestasi.

Hasil (Inggris) 1:

The sense of agreement or contract is governed by article 1313 KUH Perdata. Article 1313 KUH civil code reads: "the Treaty is an act by which one or more parties girded himself against one or more persons."According to a new theory proposed by Van Dunne, which was defined by the Treaty, is "a relationship law between two or more parties based on the agreed to give rise to legal consequences."According to Salim, S.H. H.S., M.S., agreement or contract is the relationship between law legal subject to one another in a legal subject areas of wealth, where a law one subject is entitled to accomplishment and so is the subject of another legal obligation to carry out his suit which had been second. "According to Subekti, a treaty is an event where a promise to one another or where the two men exchanged pledges to carry out one thing. Of this event, there is a relationship between two people who called the Alliance. In its present form, the agreement in the form of a series of words that contain the promises or capable of spoken or written.Thus the relationship between the agreement with the Alliance is that it published the Alliance. The agreement is the source of the Alliance, along with other sources. These other sources include legislation. So, there's the Alliance that was born from the agreement and there is an Alliance born of the Act.With the many notions of agreements which have been described above, there are three elements that can be drawn the conclusion, namely:1. There are people who are demanding, or in ordinary business terms called creditors2. There are people who are required, or in business terms referred to debtor3. Something is required, i.e. achievements.

Hasil (Inggris) 2:

Understanding agreements or contracts set forth in Article 1313 of the Civil Code. Article 1313 of the Civil Code reads: "The treaty is an act by which one or more parties bind themselves to one person or more."
According to the new theory proposed by Van Dunne, which is defined by the agreement, is "a legal relationship between two or more parties based on an agreement to give rise to legal consequences. "
According to Salim HS, SH, MS, agreement or contract is a legal relationship between the subjects of the law with other legal subjects in the field of wealth, where the subject of law that one is entitled to achievement and so is subject other legal obligation to carry out his achievements which have been agreed in accordance with. "
According Subekti, an agreement is an event where a promise to one another or where the two men promised each other to carry out one thing. From these events, there arises a relationship between two people is called engagement. In shape, the agreement in the form of a series of words that contain promises or ability that is spoken or written.
Thus, the relationship between the agreement with the engagement is that the agreement to publish the engagement. Agreement is a source of engagement, as well as other sources. Other sources include laws. So, there is an engagement that is born of the agreement and there is an engagement that is born of the legislation.
With so much sense that an agreement has been described above, there are three elements that can be deduced, namely:
1. There are those who claim, or in business terms commonly called creditors
2. There are people who are required, or which in business terms commonly called debtor
3. There is something that is required, namely achievement.