7.1.2 MANNER OF ARTICULATION7.1.2.1

7.1.2 MANNER OF ARTICULATION
7.1.2.1 Plosives and continuants
Another fundamental distinction of consonants is made between so-called plosives and continuants.
Plosives are consonants that are brought about by an explosive release of air from the mouth, e.g. [t]. They are also called stops, or oral stops. If the air is released through the nose, we call the resulting consonant is a nasal plosive, as in [m] or [n], which is also called nasal stop since the mouth is kept closed for the most part.
If the air continues to be released after the articulation of the consonant, the sound is a continuant.
If we let out air continuously through a space behind the upper teeth, the so-called
alveolar ridge., we produce a type of continuant sound called fricative, e.g., [f]. Affricates are produced by a plosive and a fricative continuant following immediately thereafter, as in [tS], e.g., in the word "chair". Fricatives and affricates with a hissing sound, as [z] in "zip", or [Z]
in "measure" are also called sibilants. Oral stops, i.e. nonnasal plosives, and fricative and affricative continuants all have in common that the air is not let out through the nose; consonants
produced in this way are called obstruents. If air is released also through the nose, these consonants are called sonorants. The sounds [l] and [r] are called liquids.

Hasil (Cina Tradisional) 2:

MANNER鉸接7.1.2作者
和7.1.2.1爆破音continuants
輔音另一個基本區別所謂塞音和continuants之間進行的。
塞音是被從口，例如[t]的所帶來的水爆炸性釋放輔音。他們還呼籲停止或口服停止。如果水是通過鼻子釋放，我們稱之為所得輔音是鼻爆破音，如在[米]或[n]的，則其也稱為鼻止由於嘴保持關閉的大部分。
如果水繼續輔音的關節運動之後被釋放，聲音是一個連續音。
如果我們讓出的水連續地通過後面上齒的空間，即所謂的
牙槽嵴。，我們產生一個類型的聲音稱為擦音連續音，例如並[f]。塞擦音是由塞音生產和摩擦音連續音後立即以下，如[TS]，例如，在單詞“椅子”。擦音和塞擦音有噝噝的聲音，如“拉鍊”[Z]或[Z]
在“措施”也被稱為噝音。口服站，即nonnasal塞音和塞音擦音continuants的共同點是，水不放出通過鼻子; 輔音
以這種方式產生被稱為阻塞音。此外，如果水通過鼻子釋放，評論這些輔音稱為響音。聲音[L]和[R]被稱為液體。