Biografi Kapitan Pattimura – Pahlaw

Biografi Kapitan Pattimura – Pahlawan Nasional dari Maluku
Nama Lengkap : Kapitan Pattimura
Nama Asli: Thomas Matulessy
Tanggal Lahir: Negeri Haria, Pulau Saparua-Maluku, tahun 1783
Meninggal:
Benteng Victoria, Ambon, 16 Desember 1817
Karir Militer:
Mantan Sersan Militer Inggris
Kapitan Pattimura yang bernama asli Thomas Matulessy, ini lahir di Negeri Haria, Saparua, Maluku tahun 1783. Perlawanannya terhadap penjajahan Belanda pada tahun 1817 sempat merebut benteng Belanda di Saparua selama tiga bulan setelah sebelumnya melumpuhkan semua tentara Belanda di benteng tersebut. Namun beliau akhirnya tertangkap. Pengadilan kolonial Belanda menjatuhkan hukuman gantung padanya. Eksekusi yang dilakukan pada tanggal 16 Desember 1817 akhirnya merenggut jiwanya.
Perlawanan sejati ditunjukkan oleh pahlawan ini dengan keteguhannya yang tidak mau kompromi dengan Belanda. Beberapa kali bujukan pemerintah Belanda agar beliau bersedia bekerjasama sebagai syarat untuk melepaskannya dari hukuman gantung tidak pernah menggodanya. Beliau memilih gugur di tiang gantung sebagai Putra Kesuma Bangsa daripada hidup bebas sebagai penghianat yang sepanjang hayat akan disesali rahim ibu yang melahirkannya.
Dalam sejarah pendudukan bangsa-bangsa eropa di Nusantara, banyak wilayah Indonesia yang pernah dikuasai oleh dua negara kolonial secara bergantian. Terkadang perpindahtanganan penguasaan dari satu negara ke negara lainnya itu malah kadang secara resmi dilakukan, tanpa perebutan. Demikianlah wilayah Maluku, daerah ini pernah dikuasai oleh bangsa Belanda kemudian berganti dikuasai oleh bangsa Inggris dan kembali lagi oleh Belanda.
Thomas Matulessy sendiri pernah mengalami pergantian penguasaan itu. Pada tahun 1798, wilayah Maluku yang sebelumnya dikuasai oleh Belanda berganti dikuasai oleh pasukan Inggris. Ketika pemerintahan Inggris berlangsung, Thomas Matulessy sempat masuk dinas militer Inggris dan terakhir berpangkat Sersan.
Namun setelah 18 tahun pemerintahan Inggris di Maluku, tepatnya pada tahun 1816, Belanda kembali lagi berkuasa. Begitu pemerintahan Belanda kembali berkuasa, rakyat Maluku langsung mengalami penderitaan. Berbagai bentuk tekanan sering terjadi, seperti bekerja rodi, pemaksaan penyerahan hasil pertanian, dan lain sebagainya. Tidak tahan menerima tekanan-tekanan tersebut, akhirnya rakyat pun sepakat untuk mengadakan perlawanan untuk membebaskan diri. Perlawanan yang awalnya terjadi di Saparua itu kemudian dengan cepat merembet ke daerah lainnya diseluruh Maluku.
Di Saparua, Thomas Matulessy dipilih oleh rakyat untuk memimpin perlawanan. Untuk itu, ia pun dinobatkan bergelar Kapitan Pattimura. Pada tanggal 16 mei 1817, suatu pertempuran yang luar biasa terjadi. Rakyat Saparua di bawah kepemimpinan Kapitan Pattimura tersebut berhasil merebut benteng Duurstede. Tentara Belanda yang ada dalam benteng itu semuanya tewas, termasuk Residen Van den Berg.
Pasukan Belanda yang dikirim kemudian untuk merebut kembali benteng itu juga dihancurkan pasukan Kapitan Pattimura. Alhasil, selama tiga bulan benteng tersebut berhasil dikuasai pasukan Kapitan Patimura. Namun, Belanda tidak mau menyerahkan begitu saja benteng itu. Belanda kemudian melakukan operasi besar-besaran dengan mengerahkan pasukan yang lebih banyak dilengkapi dengan persenjataan yang lebih modern. Pasukan Pattimura akhirnya kewalahan dan terpukul mundur.
Di sebuah rumah di Siri Sori, Kapitan Pattimura berhasil ditangkap pasukan Belanda. Bersama beberapa anggota pasukannya, dia dibawa ke Ambon. Di sana beberapa kali dia dibujuk agar bersedia bekerjasama dengan pemerintah Belanda namun selalu ditolaknya.
Akhirnya dia diadili di Pengadilan kolonial Belanda dan hukuman gantung pun dijatuhkan kepadanya. Walaupun begitu, Belanda masih berharap Pattimura masih mau berobah sikap dengan bersedia bekerjasama dengan Belanda. Satu hari sebelum eksekusi hukuman gantung dilaksanakan, Pattimura masih terus dibujuk. Tapi Pattimura menunjukkan kesejatian perjuangannya dengan tetap menolak bujukan itu. Di depan benteng Victoria, Ambon pada tanggal 16 Desember 1817, eksekusi pun dilakukan.
Kapitan Pattimura gugur sebagai Pahlawan Nasional. Dari perjuangannya dia meninggalkan pesan tersirat kepada pewaris bangsa ini agar sekali-kali jangan pernah menjual kehormatan diri, keluarga, terutama bangsa dan negara ini.

Hasil (Inggris) 1:

Kapitan Pattimura biography – national hero from the MoluccasFull Name: Kapitan PattimuraReal Name: Thomas MatulessyDate of birth: Negeri Saparua-Late, the Moluccas, the year 1783Died:Fort Victoria, Ambon, 16 December 1817Military Career:Former Military Sergeant United KingdomKapitan Pattimura native named Thomas Matulessy, was born in the land of Late, Saparua, Maluku year 1783. Opposition to occupation of Netherlands in 1817 had captured the fortress of Netherlands in Saparua for three months after paralyzing all the soldiers in the Netherlands. But he was eventually caught. The Court dropped the Netherlands colonial hanging on him. The execution was conducted on 16 December 1817 finally claimed his soul.The true resistance shown by this hero with keteguhannya who don't want to compromise with the Netherlands. Netherlands Government suasion several times so that he is willing to cooperate as a condition for releasing from hanging never tease. He chose fall at pole hanging as a son of the nation than free-living Kesuma traitor that lifelong disesali a mother's womb will be lying.In the history of the occupation of the peoples of Europe, in Indonesia, many regions of Indonesia that is ever ruled by two colonial State in turn. Sometimes perpindahtanganan mastery from one country to another it even sometimes officially done, without struggle. Thus the Maluku region, this area was once controlled by the Netherlands later changed Nations ruled by the United Kingdom and back again by the Netherlands.Thomas Matulessy himself never had turnover of mastery of it. In 1798, the Maluku area previously ruled by the Netherlands United Kingdom forces are controlled by the switch. When the Government of the United Kingdom, Thomas Matulessy had entered military service United Kingdom and last rank of Sergeant.But after 18 years of Government of the United Kingdom in the Moluccas, in 1816, the Netherlands again in power. So the Government of Netherlands came back to power, the people of the Moluccas directly suffering. Various forms of pressure are common, such as working rodi, forcible handover agricultural output, and so on. Can't stand accepting the pressures, no matter people finally agreed to hold the resistance to liberate themselves. Initially resistance occurred in Saparua is then quickly spread to other areas throughout the Moluccas.In Saparua, Thomas Matulessy was chosen by the people to lead the resistance. For that, he was crowned the title of Kapitan Pattimura (). On May 16, 1817, a tremendous battle occurred. The people under the leadership of Saparua Kapitan Pattimura captured the fortress Duurstede. The Netherlands Army there in the Fort were all killed, including Resident Van den Berg.The Netherlands sent troops to retake the fortress also decimated army Kapitan Pattimura (). As a result, during the three months the fortress managed to overrun army Kapitan Patimura. However, the Netherlands did not want to surrender the Fort was offhand. Netherlands then did a massive operation by exerting more troops equipped with more modern weapons. Pattimura forces finally overwhelmed and forced to retreat.In a house in the series Sorry, Kapitan Pattimura successfully captured troops of Netherlands. Along with several members of his army, he brought into Ambon. There a couple of times he was persuaded to let willing in cooperation with the Government of the Netherlands but have always been turned.Eventually he was tried in court and the Netherlands colonial hanging ever meted out to him. However, the Netherlands still hope Pattimura still willing to berobah attitude with willing cooperation with the Netherlands. One day before the execution sentence of hanging was carried out, Pattimura still continues to be persuaded. But Pattimura shows his struggle with authenticity when it refused. In front of Fort Victoria, Ambon on December 16 1817, any execution is carried out.Kapitan Pattimura fall as a national hero. From his struggle he left messages implied to the heir of this nation so that certainly don't ever sell yourself, family honor, mostly Nations and this country.

Hasil (Inggris) 2:

Biography Kapitan Pattimura - National Hero of Maluku
Full Name: Kapitan Pattimura
Real Name: Thomas Matulessy
Date of Birth: State Haria, Saparua Maluku, 1783
Died:
Fort Victoria, Ambon, December 16, 1817
Career Military:
Former Sergeant British Military
Kapitan Pattimura whose real name is Thomas Matulessy, is born in the land of Haria, Saparua, Maluku in 1783. His uprising against the occupation of the Netherlands in 1817 had captured the Dutch fortress in Saparua for three months after paralyzing all Dutch troops in the fort. But he was finally caught. Dutch colonial court sentenced him hanging. Executions were carried out on December 16, 1817 eventually took his life.
The resistance shown by the hero's true with the insistence that do not want to compromise with the Netherlands. Several times the Dutch government persuasion that he was willing to work as a condition for the release of the hanging was never teased. He chose fall on the gallows as the Son Kusuma Bangsa than live freely as traitors who would be regrettable lifelong womb of the mother who gave birth.
In the history of the occupation of the nations of Europe in the archipelago, many parts of Indonesia that once dominated by the two colonial state alternately. Sometimes perpindahtanganan mastery from one country to another it sometimes even officially done, without seizure. Thus the Moluccas, the area once occupied by the Dutch and then switch controlled by the British and returned to the Netherlands.
Thomas Matulessy himself had experienced a change of control of it. In 1798, the Maluku region previously controlled by the Netherlands switch controlled by British forces. When the British government took place, Thomas Matulessy had entered the British army and the last rank of Sergeant.
But after 18 years of British rule in Maluku, precisely in 1816, the Dutch returned to power. So the Dutch government returned to power, the Maluku people directly suffer. Various forms of pressure are common, such as working forced labor, forced delivery of agricultural products, and so forth. Could not take the pressure, eventually people also agreed to hold the resistance to liberate themselves. Resistance which initially occurred in Saparua was then quickly spread to other areas throughout the Moluccas.
In Saparua, Thomas Matulessy elected by the people to lead the resistance. For that, he was crowned the title of Kapitan Pattimura. On 16 May 1817, a tremendous battle going on. Folk Saparua under the leadership of the Kapitan Pattimura captured the fort Duurstede. Dutch troops were present in the fort all killed, including Resident Van den Berg.
The Dutch troops were sent later to retake the fort was also destroyed Kapitan Pattimura forces. As a result, during the three months the fort was overrun by forces Kapitan Pattimura. However, the Netherlands did not want to give away the fort. Netherlands then conduct a massive operation by deploying more troops equipped with more modern weaponry. Pattimura forces finally overwhelmed and retreat.
In a house in Siri Sori, Kapitan Pattimura captured Dutch troops. Together with some of his men, he was taken to Ambon. There several times he was persuaded to agree to cooperate with the Dutch government, but always declined.
Eventually he was tried in court and sentenced to hang colonial was inflicted upon him. However, the Netherlands still hope Pattimura still want changed attitude of being willing to cooperate with the Netherlands. One day before the execution of death penalty carried out, Pattimura still continue to be persuaded. But Pattimura demonstrate the genuineness of his struggle with the still refused persuasion. In front of Fort Victoria in Ambon on 16 December 1817, executions were carried out.
Kapitan Pattimura fall as a National Hero. Of the struggle he left implicit message to the heir of this nation that occasionally do not ever sell honor themselves, their families, especially the nation and the country.