dijelaskan di text tersebut bahwa M

dijelaskan di text tersebut bahwa Masalah yang melekat dari hierarki adalah bahwa orang-orang di tingkat bawah tidak dapat membuat keputusan penting, tetapi harus lulus pada tanggung jawab untuk bos mereka. Salah satu solusi untuk ini adalah manajemen matriks, di mana orang melaporkan kepada lebih dari satu superior. Misalnya, seorang manajer produk dengan ide mungkin bisa berhubungan langsung dengan manajer yang bertanggung jawab untuk segmen pasar tertentu dan untuk suatu wilayah geografis, serta manajer yang bertanggung jawab untuk fungsi tradisional keuangan, penjualan dan produksi. Ini adalah salah satu cara untuk menjaga otoritas di tingkat bawah, tetapi belum tentu salah satu yang sangat efisien. Thomas Peters dan Robert Waterman, dalam buku mereka yang terkenal In Search of Excellence, bersikeras perlunya mendorong otoritas dan otonomi bawah garis, tetapi mereka berpendapat bahwa salah satu unsur - mungkin produk - harus memiliki prioritas; matriks empat dimensi yang terlalu kompleks.

Hasil (Inggris) 1:

described in the text that the inherent Problem of hierarchies is that people on the lower levels are not able to make an important decision, but it must pass on the responsibility to their boss. One solution to this is a management matrix, where people report to more than one superior. For example, a product manager with the idea might be able to deal directly with the manager responsible for specific market segments and for a given geographic area, as well as managers who are responsible for the traditional function of financial, sales and production. This is one way to keep the authority on the lower level, but not necessarily one that is very efficient. Thomas Peters and Robert Waterman, in their famous book In Search of Excellence, insisted on the need to encourage autonomy and authority down the line, but they contend that one of the possible products should have priority; a matrix of four dimensions that are too complex.

Hasil (Inggris) 2:

described in the text that the inherent problem of hierarchy is that the people at the lower level can not make important decisions, but must pass on the responsibility for their boss. One solution to this is a matrix management, where people report to more than one superior. For example, a product manager with the ideas may be in direct contact with the managers responsible for specific market segments and for a geographic region, as well as the manager responsible for the traditional functions of finance, sales and production. This is one way to keep the authorities at lower levels, but not necessarily one that is very efficient. Thomas Peters and Robert Waterman, in their famous book In Search of Excellence, insisted on the need to encourage the authority and autonomy of the bottom line, but they found one element - perhaps the product - should have priority; four-dimensional matrix that is too complex.