The Sun or Surya is the star at the center of the solar system. The shape is almost round and consists of hot plasma mixed with a magnetic field. Its diameter is about 1.392.684 km, about 109 times the diameter of Earth, and its mass (about 2 × 1030 kilograms, 330,000 times the mass of Earth) represents approximately 99,86% of the total mass of the solar system. Chemically, roughly three-fourths the mass of the Sun is composed of hydrogen, helium-dominated while the rest. The remainder of the mass (1.69%, equivalent to 5.629 times Earth's mass) is composed of heavy elements such as carbon, oxygen, neon, iron, and others.The Sun formed about 4.6 billion years ago due to gravitational decay a region inside a big molecular clouds. Most of the material gathered in the Center, while the remaining memimpih be outstanding discs that would become the solar system. Its mass is getting hot and dense thermonuclear fusion began and ended up in the bottom line. It is thought that nearly all of the other stars formed with a similar process. Sun Star classification, based on its spectral type is, is a main sequence star G (G2V) and is often classified as a yellow dwarf as it seems more intense radiation in the portion of the spectrum of yellow-red. Although the colour is white, from the surface of the Earth, the Sun appears yellow due to the merging of blue light in the atmosphere. According to the spectral class label, G2 indicates its surface temperature of approximately 5778 K (5505 ° C) and the V indicates that the Sun, like other stars, is a main sequence star, so the energy created by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium. In essence, the Sun memfusi 620 million metric tons of hydrogen per second.First, the Sun was seen as a small star astronomers and not important. Now, the Sun is considered to be brighter than about 85% of stars in the Milky Way Galaxy is dominated by red dwarf. The absolute magnitude of the Sun is + 4,83. However, as the closest star to the Earth, the Sun is the brightest object in the sky, with apparent magnitude − 26,74. The Sun's hot Corona continuously expands in space creating the solar wind, a stream of charged particles that move to the heliopause about 100 AU. A bubble in the interstellar medium formed by the solar wind, heliosphere, is joining the largest structure in the solar system.[21][22]The Sun is currently moving through the Local interstellar cloud (near the clouds G) in the Local Bubble zone, exactly in the inner circle of the Orion arm of the Milky Way Galaxy. of the 50 nearest stellar systems within 17 light-years from Earth (the nearest bitnang is a red dwarf named Proxima Centauri is roughly 4.2 light years), Sun has the fourth largest mass.[25] the Sun orbits the center of Sati at a distance of approximately 24,000-26,000 light years from the Galactic Center. If viewed from the Galactic North Pole, the Sun completes one orbit clockwise over the approximately 225-250 million years old. Because the milky way moving relative to the radiation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the direction of the constellation Hydra with a speed of 550 km/s, the speed of the Sun relative to the CMB is about 370 km/s in the direction of Crater or Leo.The average distance of the Sun from the Earth is about 149.6 million kilometers (1 AU), although it varies along the Earth's movement away from perihelion in January to aphelion in July. At this average distance, light travels from the Sun to the Earth for 8 minutes 19 seconds. The energy of this sunlight helps the development of almost all forms of life on Earth via photosynthesis, and changing the Earth's climate and weather. The tremendous impact of the Sun on the Earth has been observed since prehistoric times. The Sun is also considered by some as the God of civilization. Accurate scientific understanding of the Sun developed slowly. In the 19th century, several renowned scientists started a little know about physical composition and source of solar energy. This understanding is still growing to this day. There are a number of anomalous behavior of the Sun that have yet to be explained scientifically.
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